Denmark’s success in creating sustainable, liveable cities offers valuable insights for Malaysia as the country continues its transition towards greener urban development and long-term environmental sustainability.
Recognised by the United Nations as one of the world's leading countries in achieving sustainable development goals, Denmark has become a model for integrating environmental responsibility, economic growth and quality of life through effective urban planning.
To better understand Denmark's approach, the Malaysian Institute of Planners (MIP) recently engaged with the Royal Danish Embassy in a knowledge-sharing dialogue aimed at identifying practical strategies that could be adapted to Malaysia's urban development.
Building Healthy and Liveable Cities
According to Danish Ambassador to Malaysia Kirstine Vangkilde Berner and Danish Embassy Head of Trade Mark Perry, a healthy city is more than just modern infrastructure.
They emphasised that successful cities are designed to be inclusive, accessible and connected, allowing people to move easily between homes, workplaces, schools and recreational areas while encouraging community interaction.
Well-designed public spaces, pedestrian-friendly environments and integrated transport systems help improve not only mobility but also social cohesion and overall quality of life.
Long-Term Climate Policies Drive Sustainable Growth
One of Denmark's key strengths is its long-term commitment to climate action through legally binding policies.
Under the Danish Climate Act, the country has established ambitious targets to reduce carbon emissions by:
70% by 2030.
82% to 85% by 2035.
Achieve climate neutrality by 2045.
These targets are supported by close collaboration between the government and private sector across industries including construction, manufacturing and environmental management.
The partnership approach has accelerated the adoption of energy-efficient technologies, particularly in the building sector, which contributes significantly to urban carbon emissions.
Investing for the Long Term
Denmark's urban transformation has been driven by continuous long-term investment rather than short-term infrastructure solutions.
One notable example is the rehabilitation of Copenhagen's harbour, which has been transformed into a clean, swimmable public space that enhances environmental quality, public health and economic activity.
The Danish experience demonstrates that investments in sustainable infrastructure can generate multiple long-term benefits, including improved liveability, stronger tourism appeal and higher property values.
Prioritising Walking and Cycling
A major feature of Denmark's planning philosophy is the development of extensive pedestrian and cycling infrastructure.
Instead of relying solely on major transport projects, Denmark also focuses on creating interconnected neighbourhoods through "pocket connectivity," linking existing walkable and cyclable areas into larger integrated networks.
This cost-effective approach improves accessibility while encouraging healthier lifestyles and reducing dependence on private vehicles.
Infrastructure such as bicycle lanes, pedestrian walkways, parks and waterfront spaces is designed to be accessible to people of all ages and abilities.
Integrating Sustainability with Economic Growth
Denmark's experience shows that environmental sustainability and economic development can progress together.
Through coordinated planning and strong climate policies, the country has successfully reduced carbon emissions while maintaining economic growth.
The Danish model also highlights the importance of integrating planning across multiple sectors rather than treating transportation, housing, infrastructure and environmental management as separate initiatives.
Collaboration between government agencies, businesses and local communities plays a vital role in ensuring long-term policy continuity and successful implementation.
Public engagement throughout the planning process also helps create greater community ownership and support for sustainable development initiatives.
What I Learned
Denmark's urban development model demonstrates that creating sustainable cities requires more than constructing environmentally friendly buildings. Long-term success depends on integrated planning, strong government policies, collaboration with the private sector and active community participation.
For Malaysia, particularly rapidly developing urban centres such as Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Johor, adopting similar principles could improve urban liveability while supporting economic growth. Investments in walkable neighbourhoods, cycling infrastructure, public transport, green spaces and energy-efficient buildings can enhance public health, increase property values and make cities more attractive to businesses, investors and skilled talent.
The Danish experience also shows that sustainability should be viewed as a long-term investment rather than a cost. Well-planned, environmentally responsible cities are better positioned to remain resilient, competitive and attractive for future generations while balancing economic development with environmental protection.
Yao Mu Realty, based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, specializes in industrial real estate for factories and land, delivering professional and efficient solutions.
Posted by Yao Mu Realty Sdn Bhd on 9 Jul 26
Malaysia