A hammer union is a type of high-pressure pipe fitting commonly used in the oil and gas industry to connect and disconnect sections of piping or equipment quickly and securely. They are designed to withstand high pressures, vibrations, and repeated assembly/disassembly, making them ideal for harsh field environments like drilling rigs, fracking operations, and well testing.
A typical hammer union has three main parts:
Male Sub – threads or welds to one pipe or piece of equipment.
Female Sub – mates with the male sub.
Nut (wing nut) – screws onto the female sub and tightens the connection by drawing the two halves together.
Workers use sledgehammers (hence the name “hammer union”) to tighten or loosen the wing nut.
Hammer unions come in different styles and pressure ratings, often color-coded for quick identification. Examples:
| Union Type | Pressure Rating (psi) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Fig 100 | 1,000 psi | Threaded ends, low-pressure |
| Fig 200 | 2,000 psi | Threaded, standard service |
| Fig 602 | 6,000 psi | High-pressure service |
| Fig 1502 | 15,000 psi | High-pressure fracturing & testing |
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