Behavior Based Safety

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this session, participants should be able to achieve:

• 60–90% injury reduction potential (proven model)
• Improved awareness, communication, and culture
• Engagement and ownership from frontline employees
• Better trending, decision-making, and continuous improvement

Key Content

Module 1: Introduction to BBS

• Purpose of Behavior-Based Safety
• Background of BBS & its evolution over 30+ years
• Key principle: ABC model (Antecedent – Behavior – Consequence)
• How BBS supports ISO 45001:
  • Clause 5.1: Leadership & Commitment
  • Clause 5.4: Participation & Consultation of Workers
• BBS vs Traditional Safety (proactive vs reactive)

Module 2: Human Behavior and Safety

• Why people take risks at work
• How habits form — “Eyes on Task,” “Line of Fire,” “Grip, Balance, Traction”
• Two types of safe behavior:
  • Prevent incidents entirely
  • Reduce severity if they occur
• Unsafe acts vs unsafe conditions (ergonomics, procedures)
• Influence of environment and peer behavior

Module 3: BBS Process Framework

• 5 Core Steps in a BBS Program:
  • Plan to Observe
  • Observe for Critical Behavior
  • Discuss / Feedback / Reinforce
  • Record & Track Observations
  • Analyze Trends & Improve
• Key principles:
  • Voluntary and permission-based observations (no spying)
  • Non-punitive approach
  • Integration into existing systems (inspections, audits, near misses)
• ISO 45001 Alignment: Clause 9.1 – Performance Monitoring & Measurement

Module 4: Conducting Effective Observations

• Pre-Observation Planning
• Observation checklist components:
  • PPE, Body Mechanics, Procedures, Line of Fire, Tools & Equipment
• Observation DOs and DON’Ts
• “Catch them doing it right” – focus on positive behaviors
• Observation with diversity (across shifts, tasks, departments)

Module 5: Communication and Feedback Skills

• Positive Reinforcement:
  • Encourage continued safe behaviors
  • Show concern, ask for input, keep it fun
• Positive Correction:
  • Ask questions, don’t lecture
  • Find behavior-performance gaps
• Handling resistance constructively
• End interactions on a positive note
• ISO 45001 Support: Clause 7.4 – Communication

Module 6: Data Tracking and Continuous Improvement

• What to record: safe, at-risk, not applicable
• Validating observation data (quality, completeness, accuracy)
• Trend analysis:
  • % safe by area/task
  • Top at-risk behaviors
  • Frequency vs severity patterns
• ISO 45001 Clause 10.2: Corrective Action & Risk-Based Thinking
• Using graphs/posters to drive communication & engagement
• Linking to improvement actions (ergonomics, procedures, housekeeping)

Module 7: System Roles & Engagement

• Observer responsibilities
• Workgroup/safety committee support functions
• Recognizing champions and safety leaders
• Integrating BBS into onboarding
• Periodic observer training & refreshers
• Promotion & publicity (e.g., posters, recognitions, celebration of milestones)

Module 8: Success Factors and Pitfalls

• Management visibility & support
• Focus on reinforcement, not punishment
• Transparent data sharing
• Regular follow-up and system updates
• Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Module 9: Practical Application & Workshop

• Observation role-playing using sample checklist
• Feedback simulation & coaching session
• Analyze mock data and recommend improvements
• Develop departmental mini-action plans
• Self-assessment questionnaire

Methodology

This program involves interactive lectures, case studies, small group activities, discussions, exercise, experiential learning and presentations.

Target Audience

Supervisors, Safety Committee Members, Line Leaders, Operators, EHS Staff